{
  "document": {
    "category": "csaf_vex",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Public",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "To determine the support lifecycle for your software, see the Microsoft Support Lifecycle: https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle",
        "title": "Additional Resources"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided \\\"as is\\\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.",
        "title": "Disclaimer"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "vendor",
      "contact_details": "secure@microsoft.com",
      "name": "Microsoft Security Response Center",
      "namespace": "https://msrc.microsoft.com"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "CVE-2026-72522 libexpat before 2.8.3 has an out-of-bounds read and resultant infinite loop because low surrogates are treated the same as high surrogates during Unicode processing in the *_toUtf16 functions. - VEX",
        "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-72522.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Microsoft Support Lifecycle",
        "url": "https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Common Vulnerability Scoring System",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss"
      }
    ],
    "title": "libexpat before 2.8.3 has an out-of-bounds read and resultant infinite loop because low surrogates are treated the same as high surrogates during Unicode processing in the *_toUtf16 functions.",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-23T14:46:59.000Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2026-08-25T07:02:58.208Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "MSRC Generator",
          "version": "1.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-72522",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-11T01:08:47.000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2026-08-11T01:08:47.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "1",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Information published."
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-08-14T18:04:01.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "2",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Information published."
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-08-14T18:04:52.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "3",
          "number": "3",
          "summary": "Information published."
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-08-23T14:46:59.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "4",
          "number": "4",
          "summary": "Information published."
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "4"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "3.0",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Azure Linux 3.0",
                  "product_id": "17084"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Azure Linux"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "<azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "<azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3",
                  "product_id": "2"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3",
                  "product_id": "21698"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "expat"
          },
          {
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "azl3 cmake 0:3.30.3-15.azl3",
            "product": {
              "name": "azl3 cmake 0:3.30.3-15.azl3",
              "product_id": "1"
            }
          },
          {
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "azl3 python3 0:3.12.9-14.azl3",
            "product": {
              "name": "azl3 python3 0:3.12.9-14.azl3",
              "product_id": "3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Microsoft"
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "<azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "17084-2"
        },
        "product_reference": "2",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "azl3 expat 0:2.8.2-1.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "21698-17084"
        },
        "product_reference": "21698",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "azl3 cmake 0:3.30.3-15.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "17084-1"
        },
        "product_reference": "1",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "azl3 python3 0:3.12.9-14.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "17084-3"
        },
        "product_reference": "3",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72522",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-125",
        "name": "Out-of-bounds Read"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "mitre",
          "title": "Assigning CNA"
        }
      ],
      "flags": [
        {
          "label": "component_not_present",
          "product_ids": [
            "17084-1",
            "17084-3"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "21698-17084"
        ],
        "known_affected": [
          "17084-2"
        ],
        "known_not_affected": [
          "17084-1",
          "17084-3"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-72522 libexpat before 2.8.3 has an out-of-bounds read and resultant infinite loop because low surrogates are treated the same as high surrogates during Unicode processing in the *_toUtf16 functions. - VEX",
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-72522.json"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-08-11T01:08:47.000Z",
          "details": "0:2.8.3-1.azl3:Security Update:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade",
          "product_ids": [
            "17084-2"
          ],
          "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 6.2,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 6.2,
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "17084-2"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "libexpat before 2.8.3 has an out-of-bounds read and resultant infinite loop because low surrogates are treated the same as high surrogates during Unicode processing in the *_toUtf16 functions."
    }
  ]
}